Beautiful Soup is a Python library used for parsing HTML and XML documents and extracting data from them. It provides simple methods and Pythonic idioms for navigating, searching, and modifying the parse tree, making it easier to scrape information from web pages. Beautiful Soup works well with the requests library to download web pages and integrates with lxml or html5lib for the parsing of HTML. This library is particularly useful for web scraping tasks where the HTML structure is complex or poorly formatted, allowing developers to extract data with minimal effort. Its user-friendly interface and powerful features make it a go-to tool for data scraping projects in Python.