Orchestration refers to the automated arrangement, coordination, and management of complex computer systems, middleware, and services. It involves integrating various processes and tasks into a cohesive workflow to achieve specific business objectives. Orchestration tools manage dependencies, handle failures, and optimize resource utilization, ensuring that different components work together seamlessly. This is crucial for deploying and managing large-scale applications, especially in cloud environments, where automated orchestration improves efficiency, reduces manual intervention, and enhances scalability.